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As of 2015, Indonesian Railways operates:
409 locomotive units;
572 electric multiple units;
108 diesel multiple units;
1,507 passenger coaches; and
6,499 freight cars
The majority of Indonesia's railways are on Java, used for both passenger and freight transport. There are three noncontinuous railway networks in Sumatra (Aceh and North Sumatra; West Sumatra; South Sumatra and Lampung) while two new networks are being developed in Kalimantan and Sulawesi. Indonesia has finalized its plan for a national railway network recently. According to the plan, 3,200 km of train tracks that will criss-cross the islands of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi, it has been touted as the most extensive railway project in Indonesia since its independence from the Dutch in 1945. Indonesia targets to extend the national railway network to 10,524 kilometres by 2030. As of September 2022, the network spans 7,032km.
The first railways in Indonesia were built on the island of Java, using 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) gauge.
During the Japanese occupation, they were converted to 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge, although 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) and 750 mm (2 ft 5 1⁄2 in) lines previously existed.
Newer constructions in Aceh and Sulawesi are using the 1,435 mm gauge. Most of the Jakarta metropolitan area is electrified at 1500 V DC overhead and 750 V DC third rail for Palembang LRT operation
Airport train services in several cities is run by PT Railink, an Indonesian railway subsidiaries with a joint venture with state-owned airport service company.
Indonesian Railways is a major customer of the state owned railway industry, PT Industri Kereta Api (INKA), by using passenger coaches, freight wagons and electric multiple units manufactured and assembled by the Madiun based company in East Java. INKA was founded in 1981. Its trains have operated in the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Australia and from 2006 it has been involved in Bangladesh.
OPERATORS:
• PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) — operates local, regional, and intercity trains
• PT Railink (KAI Bandara) — operates airport rail link services, joint venture with Angkasa Pura II
• PT Kereta Commuter Indonesia (KAI Commuter) — operates commuter rail services
• PT Kereta Api Logistik (KAI Logistik) — operates courier-by-rail services
• PT MRT Jakarta — operates Jakarta MRT, province-owned company of Special Capital Region of Jakarta
• PT LRT Jakarta — operates Jakarta LRT, subsidiary of Jakpro, a province-owned company of Special Capital Region of Jakarta
• PT Angkasa Pura II — operates Soekarno-Hatta Airport Skytrain
• PT Kereta Cepat Indonesia–China — planned to operate Jakarta–Bandung high-speed rail, joint venture of PT Pilar Sinergi BUMN Indonesia (consortium of KAI, Wijaya Karya, Perkebunan Nusantara VIII, and Jasa Marga) and Beijing Yawan HSR Co. Ltd. (consortium of China Railway International, China Railway Group, Sinohydro Corporation, CRRC Corporation, and China Railway Signal and Communication)
• PT Perkebunan Nusantara IX — operates sugarcane lines and tourist train
• PT Bakrie Sumatra Plantations — operates rubber and palm oil freight trains
• PT Tanjung Enim Lestari — operates pulp freight trains
• PTPN II — operates palm oil trains
• PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV — operates palm oil trains